Studio Classroom August 5

HISTORY PEOPLE (1)
哥白尼的天文革命 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS: MOVING ASTRONOMY FORWARD
哥白尼這位天文學家改變了人類對世界的瞭解

Worldwide
Nicolaus Copernicus: Moving Astronomy Forward
History credits this astronomer with moving the earth

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) changed the world by challenging the common beliefs of his time.
He completely altered the way people thought about their world and the universe.
Thanks to Copernicus' theories the entire Western world began to shift its perspective from an Earth-centered universe to a sun-centered system.

The broadly educated student
Copernicus was born into a wealthy merchant family in Poland in 1473.
When his father died, 10-year-old Copernicus moved in with his uncle, who later became a Roman Catholic bishop.
While raising Copernicus, his uncle directed both the boy's advancement in the church and his education.

Copernicus began his university studies at the University of Cracow where mathematics, astronomy and astrology sparked his interest.
But he left before finishing his degree, as was common at the time, and went to work for the church in Frombork.
Then he followed in his uncle's footsteps by studying at the University of Bologna.
While there, he lived with Domenico Maria Novara, the school's chief astronomy professor.
Novara was probably the first person Copernicus had ever met who dared to challenge the 1,400-year-old conclusions of that era's paramount astronomer: Ptolemy.

vocabulary
astronomy - the scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets, etc.
moving something forward
credit - praise or approval because you are responsible for something good that has happened
{Ex. We did all the work and she gets all the credit! 工作都是我們幹的，而功勞卻都歸了她！}
alter - to become different; to make somebody/something different
{Ex. He had altered so much I scarcely recognized him. 他變得我幾乎認不出來了。}
universe - the whole of space and everything in it, including the earth, the planets and the stars
perspective (n) - a particular attitude towards something; a way of thinking about something
{Ex. Try to see the issue from a different perspective. 試以不同的角度看待這件事。}
merchant ['mɝtʃənt]- a person who buys and sells goods in large quantities, especially one who imports and exports goods
{Ex. Venice was once a city of rich merchants. 威尼斯曾是富商雲集的城市。}
Roman Catholic bishop 天主教主教
astrology [ə'strɑlədʒɪ] (n) 占星學
dare (v)- to be brave enough to do something
{Ex. He didn't dare (to) say what he thought. 他不敢說出他的想法。}
era - 時代；年代；紀元
paramount (adj) 至高無上的; 最重要的; 主要的